Grain can either be stored on-farm or at a co-operative store. Co-operative stores provide advantages of scale both in storage and in subsequent marketing but the principles of grain storage are identical wherever.

On arrival at a co-operative grain store, all trailer loads are weighed and a sample taken. The raised platform above the wieghbridge allows easy access to the top of the trailer which is sampled using an auger that collects grain throughout the trailer. About 500 grams of grain are taken in each sample.

The sample of grain is tested in the laboratory for a number of factors, including moisture content, admix (eg weeds) and its suitability for a particular use. Wheat that is destined for bread making will be checked for its protein content and hagberg level - a measure that determines its suitability as a dough.

Customers require very high standards and other tests may be necessary. This unit checks the number of small grains or "screenings". If these fall outside the required specification, cleaning will be necessary.

Once all the tests have been completed the storeman can determine the most suitable location for the grain according to its quality. Grain can be stored safely for many months provided that:

it is stored dry
it is regularly aerated
the temperature is kept low

Grain can either be put through a specialised drier and then stored or it can be placed into the store and dried in-situ. This powerful fan provides in-situ drying by blowing air through underfloor ducts. These are illustrated below.

Detail of a grain store floor showing galvanised strips covering air ducts that are spaced at 20 cm intervals. Dry, cool grain can be stroed for many months.

Long term storage requires well managed and purpose built buildings. Roller shutter doors and dark internal conditions prevent rodents and birds from taking up residence and ongoing monitoring measures moisture content, grain temperature and insect activity.

Regular aeration is necessary. The pedestal on which a fan sits, is perforated at its base and this allows warm air to be sucked out of the crop and replaced with cooler air. Aeration of grain stores often takes place on frosty nights when the air is both cold and dry.

Regular Movement to and from grain stores to the eventual market is by lorry. All movements are recorded to ensure full traceability and the grain is transported covered, in clean sanitised conditions.

User comments - post a comment